This record marks the end of the previous batch. Identify the transaction in case of an inquiry Should be unique to the transaction and will help The name of the receiver, usually the name on the bank accountĪn internal identification (alphanumeric) that you use to uniquely identify this Entry Detail Record. Number of cents you are debiting/crediting this accountĪn internal identification (alphanumeric) that you use to uniquely identify this Entry Detail Record It important to note that this is an alphanumeric field, so its space padded, no zero padded The receiver's bank account number you are crediting/debiting. The last digit of the RDFI's routing number The RDFI's routing number without the last digit. This record contains most of the important information related to the account we're crediting/debiting and the amount of the transfer. For example, put "1" if this is the first Batch Header Record in the file Sequential number of this Batch Header Record. The last digit is simply a checksum digit, which is why it is not necessary Your ODFI's routing number without the last digit. You almost always want the transaction to post as soon as possible, so put tomorrow's date in YYMMDD format This date may be printed on the receivers’ bank statement by theĭate transactions are to be posted to the receivers’ account.
The date you choose to identify the transactions in YYMMDD format. This text will appear on the receivers’ bank statement. The difference between the 2 class codes are outside of the scope of this post, but generally most ACH transfers to consumer bank accounts should use "PPD" If the entries are CCD (credits/debits towards corporate account), use "CCD".
If the entries are PPD (credits/debits towards consumer account), use "PPD". This is the same as the "Immediate origin" field in File Header Record
Optional field you may use to describe the batch for internal accounting purposesĪ 10-digit number assigned to you by the ODFI once they approve you to originate ACH files through them. This name may appear on the receivers’ statements prepared by the RDFI. If the entries are credits, always "220". They will also tell the RDFI what text to put on the receiver's bank statement for the credit or debit. For example, the Batch Header Record will instruct the bank whether the entries inside it are credit or debits. The batch record defines certain shared characteristics of each of the Entry Detail Records inside it. Optional field you may use to describe the ACH file for internal accounting purposes For example: " 121140399"Ī 10-digit number assigned to you by the ODFI once they approve you to originate ACH files through them Character PositionsĪ blank space followed by your ODFI's routing number. The File Header Record contains high-level information about the contents of the ACH file. There is always exactly one File Header Record in each ACH file, and it's always the first record in the file. If the contents in a field is numeric and does not take up all the space allocated for the field, the contents should be pre-padded with zeros until the entire allocated space is used up.If the contents in a field is alphanumeric and does not take up all the space allocated for the field, the contents should be post-padded with spaces until the entire allocated space is used up.Think of them as HTML tags.īefore getting into the nitty-gritty of the file contents, there are a couple ground rules: Here's a visual format of how the 5 records are placed in relation to each other.Īs you can tell, a File Hearder Record must always be closed by a File Control Record, and a File Batch Record must always be closed by the Batch Control Record. I'll describe what batches and entries are in their sections below. There are 5 main record types in an ACH file:Īn ACH file can contain one or more batches and a batch can contain one or more entries. A line is a called a "record" in ACH parlance. Part 4 of this post will go into the actual ACH file format.Īn ACH file is nothing more than a file with multiple lines of ASCII text, each line 94 characters in length. Finally, in part 3 of this post, I explained the timing of these ACH transfers. In part 2 of this post, I went into the details of how ACH returns are handled. In part 1 of this post, I outlined the basics of how we originate ACH debits and credits. We even use the ACH network for remitting employee-initiated donations to non-profits from their paycheck. At Gusto, we rely heavily on the ACH network to pay employees and to remit various payroll taxes to federal and state agencies on behalf of our clients.
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